Kufunga MariaDB 10.1 katika Debian Jessie na Kuendesha Maswali Mbalimbali ya MariaDB
Katika nakala yetu ya mwisho Hadithi ya Nyuma ya Upataji wa 'MySQL' na Kupanda kwa 'MariaDB' ilithaminiwa sana. Katika nakala hii, tayari tumejadili hitaji la kubadilisha MySQL, kuongezeka kwa MariaDB, Sifa zake, utafiti wa kulinganisha wa MariaDB na MySQL, Harakati za Makampuni na Makampuni mashuhuri ulimwenguni (Google, Wikipedia) kutoka MySQL hadi MariaDB. na mambo mengine mengi ya kiufundi na yasiyo ya kiufundi yake.
Hapa tutasakinisha MariaDB 10.1 kwenye Debian Jessie (Jaribio) na tutakuwa tukiijaribu kwa kuunda majedwali madogo na kutekeleza maswali kadhaa katika mchakato wa kujifunza na kuelewa.
Sakinisha MariaDB 10.1 kwenye Debian Jessie
Chini ya mifumo ya Debian, inashauriwa sana kusakinisha kifurushi cha ‘python-software-properties’, kabla ya kuelekea kwa usakinishaji wa MariaDB kutoka hazina rasmi.
# apt-get install python-software-properties
Kisha, leta na usajili ufunguo wa GPG, ambao huwezesha apt kuthibitisha uadilifu wa programu inayopakuliwa.
# apt-key adv --recv-keys --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com 0xcbcb082a1bb943db
Sasa, ongeza hazina rasmi ifuatayo ya MariaDB kwenye faili yako ya sources.list, kwa kutumia amri ifuatayo.
# add-apt-repository 'deb http://mariadb.biz.net.id//repo/10.1/debian sid main'
Ikiwa kuongeza hazina huleta hitilafu kama \add-apt-repository: amri haipatikani, unahitaji kusakinisha ‘software-properties-common’ kama inavyoonyeshwa hapa chini.
# apt-get install software-properties-common
Sasisha orodha ya Vifurushi vinavyopatikana kwenye mfumo.
# apt-get update
Hatimaye, sakinisha Seva ya MariaDB na Mteja, kwa kutumia amri zifuatazo.
# apt-get install mariadb-server mariadb-client
Ikiwa usakinishaji utaenda vizuri, angalia toleo la MariaDB Iliyosakinishwa.
# mysql -V mysql Ver 15.1 Distrib 5.5.38-MariaDB, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1
Ingia kwa MariaDB kwa kutumia mzizi (Haipendekezwi), ikifuatiwa na nenosiri.
$ mysql -u root -p
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 28 Server version: 5.5.38-MariaDB-1 (Debian) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
KUMBUKA: 'hakuna' hapo juu, inamaanisha hakuna Hifadhidata iliyochaguliwa kwa sasa.
Kuendesha Maswali Mbalimbali ya MariaDB
Jinsi ya kuunda mtumiaji katika MariaDB. Tumia syntax ifuatayo kuunda mtumiaji katika MariaDB.
CREATE USER 'USER_NAME' IDENTIFIED BY 'PASSWORD';
Kwa mfano, ili kuunda Mtumiaji ‘sam’ kwa nenosiri ‘sam123’, tunahitaji kutekeleza.
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE USER 'sam' IDENTIFIED BY 'sam123'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Sasa toka MariaDB na uingie kwa kutumia mtumiaji sam.
$ mysql -u 'sam' -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 36 Server version: 5.5.38-MariaDB-1 (Debian) Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, Monty Program Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
Futa/acha mtumiaji wa MySQL ‘sam’.
MariaDB [(none)]> DROP USER sam; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Tazama Hifadhidata yote inayopatikana.
MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW DATABASES; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | +--------------------+ 3 rows in set (0.04 sec)
KUMBUKA: Hifadhidata zote zinazoonyeshwa hapo juu zinatumiwa na MariaDB Ndani. Usihariri hifadhidata hizi isipokuwa unajua unachofanya.
Chagua Hifadhidata kutoka kwenye orodha (Inahitajika kuendesha Maswali).
MariaDB [(none)]> USE mysql; Reading table information for completion of table and column names You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A Database changed MariaDB [mysql]>
Onyesha majedwali yote ndani ya Hifadhidata.
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW TABLES; | Tables_in_mysql | +---------------------------+ | columns_priv | | db | | event | | func | | general_log | | help_category | | help_keyword | | help_relation | | help_topic | ..... 24 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Tazama safu wima zote kutoka kwa jedwali sema 'mtumiaji' kutoka Hifadhidata 'mysql'. Tumia swali lolote kati ya hayo mawili.
SHOW COLUMNS FROM user; or DESCRIBE user;
Matokeo ya maswali yote mawili ni sawa.
MariaDB [mysql]> describe user;
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+------------------------+-----------------------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Host | char(60) | NO | PRI | | |
| User | char(16) | NO | PRI | | |
| Password | char(41) | NO | | | |
| Select_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Insert_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Update_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Delete_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Create_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
| Drop_priv | enum('N','Y') | NO | | N | |
.......
42 rows in set (0.01 sec)Tazama maelezo ya kina ya hali ya seva ya MariaDB.
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW STATUS; +------------------------------------------+----------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------------------------+----------------------+ | Aborted_clients | 0 | | Aborted_connects | 0 | | Access_denied_errors | 0 | | Aria_pagecache_blocks_not_flushed | 0 | | Aria_pagecache_blocks_unused | 15737 | | Aria_pagecache_blocks_used | 2 | | Aria_pagecache_read_requests | 176 | | Aria_pagecache_reads | 4 | | Aria_pagecache_write_requests | 8 | .... 419 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Tazama taarifa ya MariaDB ambayo ilitumika kuunda Hifadhidata sema 'mysql'.
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW CREATE DATABASE mysql; +----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Database | Create Database | +----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ | mysql | CREATE DATABASE `mysql` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ | +----------+------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Tazama taarifa ya MariaDB ambayo ilitumiwa kuunda Jedwali sema 'mtumiaji'.
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW CREATE TABLE user;
+
| Table | Create Table
+-------
| user | CREATE TABLE `user` (
`Host` char(60) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`User` char(16) COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`Password` char(41) CHARACTER SET latin1 COLLATE latin1_bin NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
`Select_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
`Insert_priv` enum('N','Y') CHARACTER SET utf8 NOT NULL DEFAULT 'N',
....Angalia haki za usalama zinazotolewa kwa/mtumiaji wote wa MariaDB.
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW GRANTS; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for [email | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*698vsgfkemhvjh7txyD863DFF63A6bdfj8349659232234bs3bk5DC1412A' WITH GRANT OPTION | | GRANT PROXY ON ''@'' TO 'root'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
Tazama MAONYO ya seva ya MariaDB.
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW WARNINGS; +--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Level | Code |Message | +-------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Error | 1064 | You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'ON mysql' at line 1 | +-------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Tazama Hitilafu za huduma ya MariaDB.
MariaDB [mysql]> SHOW ERRORS; +-------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Level | Code | Message | +-------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Error | 1064 | You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MariaDB server version for the right syntax to use near 'ON mysql' at line 1 | +-------+------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Hiyo ni yote kwa Sasa. Taarifa ya 'SHOW' ina vipengele vingi, ambavyo tutakuwa tukijadili katika makala yajayo pamoja na maswali mengine yatakayoendeshwa kwenye MariaDB ili kupata matokeo yanayotarajiwa. Hadi wakati huo endelea kuwa macho na uunganishwe na Tecmint. Usisahau kutupatia maoni yako muhimu katika sehemu ya maoni hapa chini.