Jinsi ya Kufunga na Kusanidi PowerDNS (na MariaDB) na PowerAdmin katika RHEL/CentOS 7
PowerDNS ni seva ya DNS inayoendesha kwenye derivatives nyingi za Linux/Unix. Inaweza kusanidiwa kwa njia tofauti za nyuma ikijumuisha faili za eneo la mtindo wa BIND, hifadhidata za uhusiano au algoriti za kusawazisha/kushindwa. Inaweza pia kusanidiwa kama kirudishi cha DNS kinachoendesha kama mchakato tofauti kwenye seva.
Toleo jipya zaidi la seva ya Mamlaka ya PowerDNS ni 3.4.4, lakini inayopatikana kwenye hazina ya EPEL kwa sasa ni 3.4.3. Ningependekeza kusakinisha moja kwa hazina ya EPEL kwa sababu ya ukweli kwamba toleo hili limejaribiwa katika CentOS na Fedora. Kwa njia hiyo pia utaweza kusasisha PowerDNS kwa urahisi katika siku zijazo.
Makala haya yananuia kukuonyesha jinsi ya kusakinisha na kusanidi seva kuu ya PowerDNS kwa kutumia mazingira ya nyuma ya MariaDB na PowerAdmin - zana ya kudhibiti kiolesura cha wavuti cha PowerDNS.
Kwa madhumuni ya kifungu hiki nitakuwa nikitumia seva na:
Hostname: centos7.localhost IP Address 192.168.0.102
Hatua ya 1: Kusakinisha PowerDNS na MariaDB Backend
1. Kwanza unahitaji kuwezesha hazina ya EPEL kwa seva yako utumie tu:
# yum install epel-release.noarch
2. Hatua inayofuata ni kusakinisha seva ya MariaDB. Hii inaweza kufanywa kwa urahisi kwa kuendesha amri ifuatayo:
# yum -y install mariadb-server mariadb
3. Kisha tutasanidi MySQL ili kuwezesha na kuanza kwenye mfumo wa kuwasha:
# systemctl enable mariadb.service # systemctl start mariadb.service
4. Kwa kuwa huduma ya MySQL sasa inafanya kazi, tutalinda na kusanidi nenosiri la MariaDB kwa kuendesha:
# mysql_secure_installation
/bin/mysql_secure_installation: line 379: find_mysql_client: command not found
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MariaDB, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none): Press ENTER
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB
root user without the proper authorisation.
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: ← Set New Password
Re-enter new password: ← Repeat Above Password
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y ← Choose “y” to disable that user
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] n ← Choose “n” for no
... skipping.
By default, MariaDB comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y ← Choose “y” for yes
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y ← Choose “y” for yes
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MariaDB!
5. Mara tu usanidi wa MariaDB utakapofanywa kwa mafanikio, tunaweza kuendelea zaidi na usakinishaji wa PowerDNS. Hii inakamilishwa kwa urahisi kwa kukimbia:
# yum -y install pdns pdns-backend-mysql
6. Faili ya usanidi ya PowerDNS iko katika /etc/pdns/pdns, lakini kabla ya kuihariri, tutaweka hifadhidata ya MySQL kwa huduma ya PowerDNS. Kwanza tutaunganisha kwa seva ya MySQL na tutaunda hifadhidata iliyo na jina powerdns:
# mysql -u root -p MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE powerdns;
7. Kisha, tutaunda mtumiaji wa hifadhidata anayeitwa powerdns:
MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON powerdns.* TO 'powerdns'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'tecmint123'; MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON powerdns.* TO 'powerdns'@'centos7.localdomain' IDENTIFIED BY 'tecmint123'; MariaDB [(none)]> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Kumbuka: Badilisha \tecmint123 na nenosiri halisi ambalo ungependa kutumia kwa usanidi wako.
8. Tunaendelea kwa kuunda meza za database zinazotumiwa na PowerDNS. Tekeleza hizo block kwa block:
MariaDB [(none)]> USE powerdns; MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE TABLE domains ( id INT auto_increment, name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, master VARCHAR(128) DEFAULT NULL, last_check INT DEFAULT NULL, type VARCHAR(6) NOT NULL, notified_serial INT DEFAULT NULL, account VARCHAR(40) DEFAULT NULL, primary key (id) );
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE UNIQUE INDEX name_index ON domains(name); MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE TABLE records ( id INT auto_increment, domain_id INT DEFAULT NULL, name VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL, type VARCHAR(6) DEFAULT NULL, content VARCHAR(255) DEFAULT NULL, ttl INT DEFAULT NULL, prio INT DEFAULT NULL, change_date INT DEFAULT NULL, primary key(id) );
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE INDEX rec_name_index ON records(name); MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE INDEX nametype_index ON records(name,type); MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE INDEX domain_id ON records(domain_id);
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE TABLE supermasters ( ip VARCHAR(25) NOT NULL, nameserver VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL, account VARCHAR(40) DEFAULT NULL );
Sasa unaweza kutoka kwa koni ya MySQL kwa kuandika:
MariaDB [(none)]> quit;
9. Hatimaye tunaweza kuendelea na kusanidi PowerDNS yetu kwa njia ambayo, itatumia MySQL kama backend. Kwa kusudi hilo fungua faili ya usanidi ya PowerDNS iliyoko:
# vim /etc/pdns/pdns.conf
Katika faili hiyo tafuta mistari inayoonekana kama hii:
################################# # launch Which backends to launch and order to query them in # # launch=
Mara tu baada ya hapo weka nambari ifuatayo:
launch=gmysql gmysql-host=localhost gmysql-user=powerdns gmysql-password=user-pass gmysql-dbname=powerdns
Badilisha \pasi ya mtumiaji na nenosiri halisi uliloweka awali. Hivi ndivyo usanidi wangu unavyoonekana:
Hifadhi mabadiliko yako na uondoke.
10. Sasa tutaanza na kuongeza PowerDNS kwenye orodha ya huduma zinazoanzia kwenye mfumo wa kuwasha:
# systemctl enable pdns.service # systemctl start pdns.service
Kwa wakati huu seva yako ya PowerDNS iko tayari kufanya kazi. Kwa habari zaidi kuhusu PowerDNS unaweza kurejelea mwongozo unaopatikana katika http://downloads.powerdns.com/documentation/html/index.html