Jinsi ya Kusakinisha matoleo tofauti ya PHP (5.6, 7.0 na 7.1) katika Ubuntu

PHP (kifupi cha kujirudia cha PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) ni lugha huria, maarufu ya madhumuni ya jumla ya uandishi ambayo inatumika sana na inafaa zaidi kwa kutengeneza tovuti na programu-tumizi zinazotegemea wavuti. Ni lugha ya uandishi ya upande wa seva ambayo inaweza kupachikwa katika HTML.

Kwa sasa, kuna matoleo matatu yanayotumika ya PHP, yaani PHP 5.6, 7.0, na 8.0. Maana PHP 5.3, 5.4, na 5.5 zote zimefikia mwisho wa maisha; hazitumiki tena na masasisho ya usalama.

Katika makala haya, tutaelezea jinsi ya kusakinisha matoleo yote yanayotumika ya PHP katika Ubuntu na vinyago vyake na viendelezi vya PHP vilivyoombwa zaidi kwa seva za wavuti za Apache na Nginx kwa kutumia Ondřej Surý PPA. Pia tutaeleza jinsi ya kuweka toleo la msingi la PHP litumike kwenye mfumo wa Ubuntu.

Kumbuka kuwa PHP 7.x ni toleo thabiti linalotumika katika hazina za programu za Ubuntu, unaweza kuthibitisha hili kwa kutekeleza amri iliyo hapa chini.

$ sudo apt show php
OR
$ sudo apt show php -a

Package: php
Version: 1:7.0+35ubuntu6
Priority: optional
Section: php
Source: php-defaults (35ubuntu6)
Origin: Ubuntu
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <[email >
Original-Maintainer: Debian PHP Maintainers <[email >
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Installed-Size: 11.3 kB
Depends: php7.0
Supported: 5y
Download-Size: 2,832 B
APT-Sources: http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial/main amd64 Packages
Description: server-side, HTML-embedded scripting language (default)
 PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used
 open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited
 for web development and can be embedded into HTML.
 .
 This package is a dependency package, which depends on Debian's default
 PHP version (currently 7.0).

Ili kusakinisha toleo chaguo-msingi la PHP kutoka kwa hazina za programu za Ubuntu, tumia amri iliyo hapa chini.

$ sudo apt install php

Sakinisha PHP (5.6, 7.x, 8.0) kwenye Ubuntu Kwa Kutumia PPA

1. Kwanza anza kwa kuongeza Ondřej Surý PPA ili kusakinisha matoleo tofauti ya PHP - PHP 5.6, PHP 7.x, na PHP 8.0 kwenye mfumo wa Ubuntu.

$ sudo apt install python-software-properties
$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ondrej/php

2. Kisha, sasisha mfumo kama ifuatavyo.

$ sudo apt-get update

3. Sasa sakinisha matoleo tofauti ya PHP yanayotumika kama ifuatavyo.

$ sudo apt install php5.6   [PHP 5.6]
$ sudo apt install php7.0   [PHP 7.0]
$ sudo apt install php7.1   [PHP 7.1]
$ sudo apt install php7.2   [PHP 7.2]
$ sudo apt install php7.3   [PHP 7.3]
$ sudo apt install php7.4   [PHP 7.4]
$ sudo apt install php8.0   [PHP 8.0]

$ sudo apt install php5.6-fpm   [PHP 5.6]
$ sudo apt install php7.0-fpm   [PHP 7.0]
$ sudo apt install php7.1-fpm   [PHP 7.1]
$ sudo apt install php7.2-fpm   [PHP 7.2]
$ sudo apt install php7.3-fpm   [PHP 7.3]
$ sudo apt install php7.4-fpm   [PHP 7.4]
$ sudo apt install php8.0-fpm   [PHP 8.0]

4. Ili kusakinisha moduli zozote za PHP, taja tu toleo la PHP na utumie utendaji wa kukamilisha kiotomatiki ili kuona moduli zote kama ifuatavyo.

------------ press Tab key for auto-completion ------------ 
$ sudo apt install php5.6 
$ sudo apt install php7.0 
$ sudo apt install php7.1
$ sudo apt install php7.2
$ sudo apt install php7.3 
$ sudo apt install php7.4
$ sudo apt install php8.0

5. Sasa unaweza kusakinisha moduli za PHP zinazohitajika zaidi kutoka kwenye orodha.

------------ Install PHP Modules ------------
$ sudo apt install php5.6-cli php5.6-xml php5.6-mysql 
$ sudo apt install php7.0-cli php7.0-xml php7.0-mysql 
$ sudo apt install php7.1-cli php7.1-xml php7.1-mysql
$ sudo apt install php7.2-cli php7.2-xml php7.2-mysql 
$ sudo apt install php7.3-cli php7.3-xml php7.3-mysql 
$ sudo apt install php7.3-cli php7.4-xml php7.4-mysql  
$ sudo apt install php7.3-cli php8.0-xml php8.0-mysql  

6. Hatimaye, thibitisha toleo lako chaguo-msingi la PHP linalotumiwa kwenye mfumo wako kama hii.

$ php -v 

Weka Toleo Chaguo-msingi la PHP katika Ubuntu

7. Unaweza kuweka toleo la kawaida la PHP kutumika kwenye mfumo kwa amri ya sasisho-mbadala, baada ya kuiweka, angalia toleo la PHP ili kuthibitisha kama ifuatavyo.

------------ Set Default PHP Version 5.6 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php5.6

------------ Set Default PHP Version 7.0 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.0

------------ Set Default PHP Version 7.1 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.1

------------ Set Default PHP Version 8.0 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php8.0

8. Kuweka toleo la PHP ambalo litafanya kazi na seva ya wavuti ya Apache, tumia amri zilizo hapa chini. Kwanza, zima toleo la sasa kwa amri ya a2dismod na kisha uwashe lile unalotaka kwa amri ya a2enmod.

----------- Disable PHP Version ----------- 
$ sudo a2dismod php5.6
$ sudo a2dismod php7.0
$ sudo a2dismod php7.1
$ sudo a2dismod php7.2
$ sudo a2dismod php7.3
$ sudo a2dismod php7.4
$ sudo a2dismod php8.0

----------- Enable PHP Version ----------- 
$ sudo a2enmod php5.6
$ sudo a2enmod php7.1
$ sudo a2enmod php7.2
$ sudo a2enmod php7.3
$ sudo a2enmod php7.4
$ sudo a2enmod php8.0

----------- Restart Apache Server ----------- 
$ sudo systemctl restart apache2

9. Baada ya kubadili kutoka toleo moja hadi jingine, unaweza kupata faili yako ya usanidi wa PHP, kwa kutekeleza amri iliyo hapa chini.

------------ For PHP 5.6 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php5.6
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

------------ For PHP 7.0 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.0
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

------------ For PHP 7.1 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.1
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

------------ For PHP 7.2 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.2
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

------------ For PHP 7.3 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.3
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

------------ For PHP 7.4 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php7.4
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

------------ For PHP 8.0 ------------
$ sudo update-alternatives --set php /usr/bin/php8.0
$ php -i | grep "Loaded Configuration File"

Unaweza pia kupenda:

1. Jinsi ya Kutumia na Kutekeleza Misimbo ya PHP katika Mstari wa Amri wa Linux
2. 12 Matumizi Muhimu ya Laini ya Amri ya PHP Kila Mtumiaji wa Linux Ni Lazima Ajue
3. Jinsi ya Kuficha Toleo la PHP kwenye Kijajuu cha HTTP

Katika makala hii, tulionyesha jinsi ya kusakinisha matoleo yote yanayoungwa mkono ya PHP katika Ubuntu na derivatives yake. Ikiwa una maswali au mawazo ya kushiriki, fanya hivyo kupitia fomu ya maoni hapa chini.