Jinsi ya Kufuta Kernels za Zamani Zisizotumika katika Debian na Ubuntu
Katika nakala yetu ya mwisho, tumeelezea jinsi ya kufuta kernels za zamani ambazo hazijatumiwa katika CentOS/RHEL/Fedora. Katika makala hii, tutaelezea jinsi ya kufuta kernels za zamani ambazo hazijatumiwa katika mifumo ya Debian na Ubuntu, lakini kabla ya kusonga zaidi, unaweza kutaka kusakinisha toleo la hivi karibuni ili kuchukua fursa ya: marekebisho ya usalama, kazi mpya za kernel, viendeshi vilivyosasishwa na kadhalika. mengi zaidi.
Ili kuboresha kernel yako hadi toleo la hivi karibuni katika Ubuntu na Debian, fuata mwongozo huu:
- Jinsi ya Kuboresha Kernel hadi Toleo la Hivi Punde katika Ubuntu
Muhimu: Inashauriwa kuweka angalau punje moja au mbili kuu ili kurudi nyuma ikiwa kuna shida na sasisho.
Ili kujua toleo la sasa la Linux kernel inayoendesha kwenye mfumo wako, tumia amri ifuatayo.
$ uname -sr Linux 4.12.0-041200-generic
Ili kuorodhesha kokwa zote zilizosakinishwa kwenye mfumo wako, toa amri hii.
$ dpkg -l | grep linux-image | awk '{print$2}'
linux-image-4.12.0-041200-generic
linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic
linux-image-extra-4.8.0-22-generic
linux-image-generic
Ondoa Kernels za Zamani Zisizotumika kwenye Debian na Ubuntu
Tekeleza amri zilizo hapa chini ili kuondoa picha fulani ya linux pamoja na faili zake za usanidi, kisha usasishe usanidi wa grub2, na mwishowe uwashe upya mfumo.
$ sudo apt remove --purge linux-image-4.4.0-21-generic $ sudo update-grub2 $ sudo reboot
[sudo] password for tecmint: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following additional packages will be installed: linux-generic linux-headers-4.8.0-59 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-generic Suggested packages: fdutils linux-doc-4.8.0 | linux-source-4.8.0 linux-tools Recommended packages: thermald The following packages will be REMOVED: linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic* linux-image-extra-4.8.0-22-generic* The following NEW packages will be installed: linux-headers-4.8.0-59 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic The following packages will be upgraded: linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic 3 upgraded, 4 newly installed, 2 to remove and 182 not upgraded. Need to get 72.0 MB of archives. After this operation, 81.7 MB of additional disk space will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y Get:1 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.8.0-59 all 4.8.0-59.64 [10.2 MB] Get:2 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [811 kB] Get:3 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [1,782 B] Get:4 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-headers-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [2,320 B] Get:5 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [23.6 MB] Get:6 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-extra-4.8.0-59-generic amd64 4.8.0-59.64 [37.4 MB] Get:7 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety-updates/main amd64 linux-image-generic amd64 4.8.0.59.72 [2,348 B] Fetched 72.0 MB in 7min 12s (167 kB/s) Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.8.0-59. (Reading database ... 104895 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to unpack .../0-linux-headers-4.8.0-59_4.8.0-59.64_all.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-4.8.0-59 (4.8.0-59.64) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic. Preparing to unpack .../1-linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic_4.8.0-59.64_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-4.8.0-59-generic (4.8.0-59.64) ... Preparing to unpack .../2-linux-generic_4.8.0.59.72_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-generic (4.8.0.59.72) over (4.8.0.22.31) ... Preparing to unpack .../3-linux-headers-generic_4.8.0.59.72_amd64.deb ... Unpacking linux-headers-generic (4.8.0.59.72) over (4.8.0.22.31) ... Selecting previously unselected package linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic. Preparing to unpack .../4-linux-image-4.8.0-59-generic_4.8.0-59.64_amd64.deb ... Done. Removing linux-image-4.8.0-22-generic (4.8.0-22.24) ... Examining /etc/kernel/postrm.d . run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/initramfs-tools 4.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-22-generic update-initramfs: Deleting /boot/initrd.img-4.8.0-22-generic run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postrm.d/zz-update-grub 4.8.0-22-generic /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-22-generic Generating grub configuration file ... Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.12.0-041200-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-4.12.0-041200-generic Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-4.8.0-59-generic done ...
Ingawa njia hii inafanya kazi vizuri, inaaminika na ina ufanisi zaidi kutumia hati rahisi inayoitwa byobu ambayo inachanganya amri zote zilizo hapo juu kuwa programu moja yenye chaguo muhimu kama vile kubainisha idadi ya kokwa za kuweka kwenye mfumo.
Sakinisha kifurushi cha maandishi ya byobu ambacho hutoa programu inayoitwa purge-old-kernels inayotumika kuondoa kernels za zamani na vifurushi vya kichwa kutoka kwa mfumo.
$ sudo apt install byobu
Kisha ondoa kokwa za zamani kama hivyo (amri hapa chini inaruhusu kokwa 2 kuwekwa kwenye mfumo).
$ sudo purge-old-kernels --keep 2
Unaweza pia kupenda kusoma nakala hizi zifuatazo zinazohusiana kwenye Linux kernel.
- Jinsi ya Kupakia na Kupakua Module za Kernel katika Linux
- Jinsi ya Kubadilisha Vigezo vya Muda wa Kuendesha Kernel kwa Njia ya Kudumu na Isiyo Kudumu
Katika makala hii, tumeelezea jinsi ya kuondoa picha za kernel za zamani zisizotumiwa kwenye mifumo ya Ubuntu na Debian. Unaweza kushiriki mawazo yoyote kupitia maoni kutoka hapa chini.