Jinsi ya Kusakinisha Kikundi cha Vifurushi Kwa Kutumia Yum kwenye CentOS na RHEL
Kwenye CentOS/RHEL, unaweza kusakinisha vifurushi kibinafsi au kusakinisha vifurushi vingi katika operesheni moja katika kikundi. Kikundi cha vifurushi kina vifurushi vinavyofanya kazi zinazohusiana kama vile zana za ukuzaji, seva ya wavuti (kwa mfano LEMP), kompyuta ya mezani (kompyuta ndogo ambayo inaweza pia kuajiriwa kama mteja mwembamba) na mengine mengi.
Katika mwongozo huu, tutaelezea jinsi ya kusakinisha kikundi cha vifurushi na msimamizi wa kifurushi cha YUM katika usambazaji wa CentOS, RHEL na Fedora.
Kutoka kwa toleo la yum 3.4.2, amri ya vikundi ilianzishwa, na sasa inafanya kazi kwenye Fedora-19+ na CentOS/RHEL-7+; inaleta pamoja amri ndogo zote za kushughulika na vikundi.
Ili kuorodhesha vikundi vinavyopatikana kutoka kwa repos zote za yum, tumia amri ndogo ya orodha kama ifuatavyo:
# yum groups list OR # yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror There is no installed groups file. Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com Available Environment Groups: Minimal Install Compute Node Infrastructure Server File and Print Server MATE Desktop Basic Web Server Virtualization Host Server with GUI GNOME Desktop KDE Plasma Workspaces Development and Creative Workstation Available Groups: CIFS file server Compatibility Libraries Console Internet Tools ....
Unaweza kuona jumla ya idadi ya vikundi kwa kutumia amri ndogo ya muhtasari:
# yum groups summary
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror There is no installed groups file. Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com Available Environment Groups: 11 Available Groups: 38 Done
Kabla ya kuendelea kusakinisha kikundi cha vifurushi, unaweza kutazama kitambulisho cha kikundi, maelezo mafupi ya kikundi na vifurushi mbalimbali vilivyomo chini ya kategoria tofauti (furushi za lazima, chaguomsingi na za hiari) kwa kutumia amri ndogo ya maelezo.
# yum groups info "Development Tools"
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror
There is no installed groups file.
Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum)
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.linode.com
* epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk
* extras: mirrors.linode.com
* updates: mirrors.linode.com
Group: Development Tools
Group-Id: development
Description: A basic development environment.
Mandatory Packages:
+autoconf
+automake
binutils
+bison
+flex
gcc
+gcc-c++
gettext
+libtool
make
+patch
pkgconfig
redhat-rpm-config
+rpm-build
+rpm-sign
...
Ili kusakinisha kikundi cha vifurushi, kwa mfano zana za ukuzaji (mazingira ya msingi ya ukuzaji), tumia amri ndogo ya kusakinisha kama ifuatavyo.
# yum groups install "Development Tools"
Loaded plugins: changelog, fastestmirror There is no installed groups file. Maybe run: yum groups mark convert (see man yum) base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 epel/x86_64/metalink | 23 kB 00:00:00 epel | 4.3 kB 00:00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 mariadb | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00:00 (1/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 129 kB 00:00:15 (2/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 3.6 MB 00:00:15 (3/4): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.1 MB 00:00:15 (4/4): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 838 kB 00:00:15 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.linode.com * epel: mirror.freethought-internet.co.uk * extras: mirrors.linode.com * updates: mirrors.linode.com Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package autoconf.noarch 0:2.69-11.el7 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: m4 >= 1.4.14 for package: autoconf-2.69-11.el7.noarch ---> Package automake.noarch 0:1.13.4-3.el7 will be installed ...
Kuondoa kikundi (ambacho kinafuta vifurushi vyote kwenye kikundi kutoka kwa mfumo), tumia tu kuondoa amri ndogo.
# yum groups remove "Development Tools"
Unaweza pia kuashiria kikundi kama kisakinishwa kwa amri iliyo hapa chini.
# yum groups mark install "Development Tools"
Ni hayo tu kwa sasa! Unaweza kupata amri ndogo zaidi na maelezo yao chini ya kifungu kidogo cha vikundi kwenye ukurasa wa yum man.
Unaweza pia kupenda kusoma nakala hizi zifuatazo kwenye kidhibiti kifurushi cha Yum.
- Jinsi ya Kusakinisha na Kutumia ‘yum-utils’ ili Kudumisha Yum na Kuboresha Utendaji wake
- Njia 4 za Kuzima/Kufunga Masasisho Fulani ya Kifurushi Kwa Kutumia Amri ya Yum
- Jinsi ya Kurekebisha Hitilafu ya Yum: Picha ya Hifadhidata Haijaundwa Vibaya
- Jinsi ya Kutumia ‘Yum History’ ili Kujua Maelezo ya Vifurushi Vilivyosakinishwa au Kuondolewa
Katika mwongozo huu, tumeelezea jinsi ya kusakinisha kikundi cha vifurushi na msimamizi wa kifurushi cha YUM katika CentOS, RHEL na Fedora. Tumia fomu ya maoni hapa chini kututumia maswali au maoni yako kuhusu nakala hii.