findmnt - Inaonyesha Mifumo ya Faili Zilizowekwa Kwa Sasa katika Linux
Amri ya findmnt ni matumizi rahisi ya mstari wa amri inayotumiwa kuonyesha orodha ya mifumo ya faili iliyowekwa sasa au kutafuta mfumo wa faili katika /etc/fstab, /etc/mtab au /proc/self/mountinfo.
1. Ili kuonyesha orodha ya mifumo ya faili iliyowekwa kwa sasa, endesha ifuatayo kwa haraka ya shell.
# findmnt
Inaonyesha sehemu inayolengwa ya kupachika (TARGET), kifaa chanzo (CHANZO), aina ya mfumo wa faili (FSTYPE), na chaguo husika za kupachika (OPTIONS) kwa kila mfumo wa faili, kama inavyoonyeshwa katika towe lifuatalo.
TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS / /dev/sda3 ext4 rw,relatime,errors=remo ├─/sys sysfs sysfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ ├─/sys/kernel/security securityfs securit rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs tmpfs ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/unified cgroup cgroup2 rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/systemd cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/devices cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/rdma cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/memory cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/freezer cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/pids cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ ├─/sys/fs/cgroup/cpuset cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ │ └─/sys/fs/cgroup/blkio cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ ├─/sys/fs/pstore pstore pstore rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ ├─/sys/firmware/efi/efivars efivarfs efivarf rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ ├─/sys/kernel/debug debugfs debugfs rw,relatime │ ├─/sys/kernel/config configfs configf rw,relatime │ └─/sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl fusectl rw,relatime ├─/proc proc proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec, │ └─/proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc systemd-1 autofs rw,relatime,fd=24,pgrp=
2. Kwa chaguo-msingi, amri ya findmnt huonyesha mifumo ya faili katika umbizo linalofanana na mti. Ili kuonyesha maelezo kama orodha ya kawaida, tumia chaguo la -l kama inavyoonyeshwa.
# findmnt -l
TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS /sys sysfs sysfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime /proc proc proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime /dev udev devtmpfs rw,nosuid,relatime,size=3996916k,nr_inodes=999229,mode=755 /dev/pts devpts devpts rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000 /run tmpfs tmpfs rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,size=805740k,mode=755 / /dev/sda3 ext4 rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered /sys/kernel/security securityfs securityfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime /dev/shm tmpfs tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev /run/lock tmpfs tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k /sys/fs/cgroup tmpfs tmpfs ro,nosuid,nodev,noexec,mode=755 /sys/fs/cgroup/unified cgroup cgroup2 rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,nsdelegate /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,xattr,name=systemd /sys/fs/pstore pstore pstore rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime /sys/firmware/efi/efivars efivarfs efivarfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime /sys/fs/cgroup/perf_event cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,perf_event /sys/fs/cgroup/devices cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,devices /sys/fs/cgroup/hugetlb cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,hugetlb /sys/fs/cgroup/rdma cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,rdma /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu,cpuacct cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpu,cpuacct /sys/fs/cgroup/memory cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,memory /sys/fs/cgroup/freezer cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,freezer /sys/fs/cgroup/net_cls,net_prio cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,net_cls,net_prio /sys/fs/cgroup/pids cgroup cgroup rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,pids
3. Unaweza pia kuchagua kuonyesha mifumo ya faili ya aina maalum pekee kwa kutumia -t chaguo la mstari wa amri ikifuatiwa na aina ya mfumo wa faili kama vile XFS au EXT4.
# findmnt --fstab -t xfs OR # findmnt --fstab -t ext4
TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS / /dev/sda3 ext4 rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered └─/media/tecmint/Data_Storage /dev/sda5 ext4 rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,data=ordered
4. Unaweza pia kupata mfumo wa faili kwa kutumia sehemu ya mlima. Kwa mfano, amri ifuatayo inaonyesha mifumo yote ya faili /etc/fstab, ambapo saraka ya mountpoint iko /mnt/external/disk2.
# findmnt --fstab /mnt/external/disk2 #this prints bind mounts where /mnt/external/disk2 is a source OR # findmnt --fstab --target /mnt/external/disk2
5. Ili kuchapisha lebo zote za /etc/fstab na kubadilisha lebo za LABEL= na UUID= kuwa majina halisi ya kifaa, ongeza - --tathmini badilisha kama inavyoonyeshwa.
# findmnt --fstab --evaluate TARGET SOURCE FSTYPE OPTIONS / /dev/sda3 ext4 errors=remount-ro /boot/efi /dev/sda1 vfat umask=0077 none /dev/sda2 swap sw
6. Ili kuonyesha tu sehemu ya kupachika ambapo mfumo wa faili ulio na lebo \/boot\ au \/” umepachikwa, tumia amri ifuatayo.
# findmnt -n --raw --evaluate --output=target LABEL=/boot OR # findmnt -n --raw --evaluate --output=target LABEL=/
7. Findmnt pia hukuruhusu kufuatilia kupachika, kuteremsha, kuweka tena na kuhamisha vitendo kwenye saraka, kwa mfano kwenye /mnt/test.
# findmnt --poll --mountpoint /mnt/test
8. Mwisho kabisa, ikiwa ungependa maelezo zaidi katika matokeo yake, tumia swichi ya --verbose.
# findmnt --real --verbose
Kwa habari zaidi, endesha man findmnt kusoma ukurasa wake wa ingizo wa mwongozo.