Jinsi ya Kufungua, Kutoa na Kuunda Faili za RAR katika Linux
RAR ni zana maarufu zaidi ya kuunda na kutoa kumbukumbu iliyobanwa (.rar)
faili. Tunapopakua faili ya kumbukumbu kutoka kwa wavuti, tulihitaji zana ya rar ili kuzitoa.
RAR inapatikana kwa uhuru chini ya mifumo ya uendeshaji ya Windows ili kushughulikia faili zilizobanwa, lakini kwa bahati mbaya, zana ya rar haijasakinishwa awali chini ya mifumo ya Linux.
Makala haya yanafafanua jinsi ya kusakinisha zana za mstari wa amri zisizo rahisi na za rar kwa kutumia faili rasmi ya tar chini ya mifumo ya Linux ili kufungua, kutoa, kubandua au kufuta faili ya kumbukumbu.
Kwenye usambazaji wa msingi wa Debian na Ubuntu, unaweza kusanikisha kwa urahisi kifurushi cha unrar kwa kutumia programu ya apt kama inavyoonyeshwa.
$ sudo apt-get install unrar Or $ sudo apt install unrar
Ikiwa unatumia usambazaji wa Fedora, unaweza kutumia amri ya dnf kuiweka.
$ sudp dnf install unrar
Ikiwa unatumia usambazaji wa CentOS/RHEL, unahitaji kupakua faili ya hivi karibuni ya unrar/rar na uisakinishe kwa kutumia amri zifuatazo.
--------------- On 64-bit --------------- # cd /tmp # wget https://www.rarlab.com/rar/rarlinux-x64-5.6.0.tar.gz # tar -zxvf rarlinux-x64-5.6.0.tar.gz # cd rar # sudo cp -v rar unrar /usr/local/bin/ --------------- On 32-bit --------------- # cd /tmp # wget https://www.rarlab.com/rar/rarlinux-5.6.0.tar.gz # tar -zxvf rarlinux-5.6.0.tar.gz # cd rar # sudo cp -v rar unrar /usr/local/bin/
Kufungua/kutoa faili ya RAR katika saraka ya sasa ya kufanya kazi, tumia tu amri ifuatayo na unrar e chaguo.
# unrar e tecmint.rar UNRAR 4.20 beta 3 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2012 Alexander Roshal Extracting from tecmint.rar Extracting index.php OK Extracting index.html OK Extracting xyz.txt OK Extracting abc.txt OK All OK
Kufungua/kutoa faili ya RAR katika njia maalum au saraka lengwa, tumia tu chaguo la unrar e, litatoa faili zote katika saraka ya lengwa maalum.
# unrar e tecmint.rar /home/ UNRAR 4.20 beta 3 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2012 Alexander Roshal Extracting from tecmint.rar Extracting /home/index.php OK Extracting /home/index.html OK Extracting /home/xyz.txt OK Extracting /home/abc.txt OK All OK
Kufungua/kutoa faili ya RAR na muundo wao asilia wa saraka. toa tu amri hapa chini na chaguo la unrar x. Itatoa kulingana na muundo wa folda zao tazama pato la chini la amri.
# unrar x tecmint.rar UNRAR 4.20 beta 3 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2012 Alexander Roshal Extracting from tecmint.rar Creating tecmint OK Extracting tecmint/index.php OK Extracting tecmint/index.html OK Extracting tecmint/xyz.txt OK Extracting tecmint/abc.txt OK Creating default OK Extracting default/index.php OK Extracting default/index.html OK Creating include OK Extracting include/abc.txt OK Creating php OK Extracting php/xyz.txt OK All OK
Kuorodhesha faili ndani ya faili ya kumbukumbu tumia unrar l chaguo. Itaonyesha orodha ya faili na saizi zao, tarehe, wakati na ruhusa.
unrar l tecmint.rar UNRAR 4.20 beta 3 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2012 Alexander Roshal Archive tecmint.rar Name Size Packed Ratio Date Time Attr CRC Meth Ver ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- index.php 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 index.html 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 xyz.txt 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 abc.txt 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 index.php 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:22 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 index.html 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:22 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 abc.txt 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:22 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 xyz.txt 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:22 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 0 64 0%
Ili kupima uadilifu wa faili ya kumbukumbu, tumia chaguo unrar t. Amri iliyo hapa chini itafanya ukaguzi kamili wa uadilifu kwa kila faili na kuonyesha hali ya faili.
unrar t tecmint.rar UNRAR 4.20 beta 3 freeware Copyright (c) 1993-2012 Alexander Roshal Testing archive tecmint.rar Testing tecmint/index.php OK Testing tecmint/index.html OK Testing tecmint/xyz.txt OK Testing tecmint/abc.txt OK Testing default/index.php OK Testing default/index.html OK Testing include/abc.txt OK Testing php/xyz.txt OK All OK
Amri ya unrar hutumiwa kutoa, kuorodhesha au kujaribu faili za kumbukumbu pekee. Haina chaguo lolote la kuunda faili za RAR chini ya Linux. Kwa hivyo, hapa tunahitaji kusakinisha matumizi ya mstari wa amri ya RAR ili kuunda faili za kumbukumbu.
Ili kusakinisha chaguo la amri ya RAR katika Linux, tekeleza amri ifuatayo.
# sudo apt-get install rar # sudo dnf install rar # yum install rar
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ========================================================================================= Installing: rar i386 3.8.0-1.el5.rf rpmforge 264 k Transaction Summary ========================================================================================= Install 1 Package(s) Upgrade 0 Package(s) Total download size: 264 k Is this ok [y/N]: y Downloading Packages: rar-3.8.0-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm | 264 kB 00:01 Running rpm_check_debug Running Transaction Test Finished Transaction Test Transaction Test Succeeded Running Transaction Installing : rar 1/1 Installed: rar.i386 0:3.8.0-1.el5.rf Complete!
Ili kuunda faili ya kumbukumbu (RAR) katika Linux, endesha amri ifuatayo na chaguo la rar. Itaunda faili ya kumbukumbu kwa saraka ya tecmint.
rar a tecmint.rar tecmint RAR 3.80 Copyright (c) 1993-2008 Alexander Roshal 16 Sep 2008 Shareware version Type RAR -? for help Evaluation copy. Please register. Creating archive tecmint.rar Adding tecmint/index.php OK Adding tecmint/index.html OK Adding tecmint/xyz.txt OK Adding tecmint/abc.txt OK Adding tecmint OK Done
Ili kufuta faili kutoka kwa faili ya kumbukumbu, endesha amri.
rar d filename.rar
Ili kurejesha au kurekebisha faili au faili za kumbukumbu, endesha amri na chaguo rar r.
rar r filename.rar RAR 3.80 Copyright (c) 1993-2008 Alexander Roshal 16 Sep 2008 Shareware version Type RAR -? for help Building fixed.tecmint.rar Scanning... Data recovery record not found Reconstructing tecmint.rar Building rebuilt.tecmint.rar Found tecmint\index.php Found tecmint\index.html Found tecmint\xyz.txt Found tecmint\abc.txt Found tecmint Done
Ili kusasisha au kuongeza faili kwenye faili iliyopo ya kumbukumbu, tumia amri ifuatayo na chaguo rar u.
rar u tecmint.rar tecmint.sql RAR 3.80 Copyright (c) 1993-2008 Alexander Roshal 16 Sep 2008 Shareware version Type RAR -? for help Evaluation copy. Please register. Updating archive tecmint.rar Adding tecmint.sql OK Done
Sasa, thibitisha kwamba faili tecmint.sql imeongezwa kwenye faili ya kumbukumbu.
rar l tecmint.rar RAR 3.80 Copyright (c) 1993-2008 Alexander Roshal 16 Sep 2008 Shareware version Type RAR -? for help Archive tecmint.rar Name Size Packed Ratio Date Time Attr CRC Meth Ver ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- index.php 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 index.html 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 xyz.txt 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 abc.txt 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:11 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 tecmint 0 0 0% 18-08-12 19:23 drwxr-xr-x 00000000 m0 2.0 tecmint.sql 0 8 0% 18-08-12 19:46 -rw-r--r-- 00000000 m3b 2.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6 0 40 0%
Hiki ni kipengele cha kuvutia sana kutoka kwa chombo cha Rar, kinatuwezesha kuweka nenosiri kwenye kumbukumbu ya faili. Ili kulinda faili ya kumbukumbu chaguo la kutumia rar a -p.
rar a -p tecmint.rar Enter password (will not be echoed): Reenter password: AR 3.80 Copyright (c) 1993-2008 Alexander Roshal 16 Sep 2008 Shareware version Type RAR -? for help Evaluation copy. Please register. Updating archive tecmint.rar Updating tecmint.sql OK Done
Sasa ithibitishe kwa kutoa faili ya kumbukumbu na uone ikiwa itatuhimiza kuingiza nenosiri ambalo tumeweka hapo juu.
rar x tecmint.rar RAR 3.80 Copyright (c) 1993-2008 Alexander Roshal 16 Sep 2008 Shareware version Type RAR -? for help Extracting from tecmint.rar Creating tecmint OK Extracting tecmint/index.php OK Extracting tecmint/index.html OK Extracting tecmint/xyz.txt OK Extracting tecmint/abc.txt OK Enter password (will not be echoed) for tecmint.sql: Extracting tecmint.sql OK All OK
Kipengele kingine cha kuvutia cha kufuli kutoka kwa zana ya rar, hutoa fursa ya kufunga faili fulani ya kumbukumbu kutoka kwa kuitoa.
rar k tecmint.rar RAR 3.80 Copyright (c) 1993-2008 Alexander Roshal 16 Sep 2008 Shareware version Type RAR -? for help Processing archive tecmint.rar Locking archive Done
Kwa mor RAR na Unrar chaguzi na matumizi, endesha amri ifuatayo itaonyesha orodha ya chaguzi na maelezo yao.
# man unrar # man rar
Tumewasilisha karibu chaguo zote hapo juu kwa amri za rar na zisizo na mifano na mifano yao. Ikiwa unahisi kuwa tumekosa chochote katika orodha hii na ungependa tuongeze, tafadhali tusasishe kwa kutumia fomu ya maoni hapa chini.